
Gross debt in Czechia
General government debt of Czechia refers to the debts of the state, their states and municipalities, and also of public sector institutions such as social security funds.The government debt in the period from 2000 to 2021 was between 10.5 billion and 118.4 billion USD. The highest level of the last years at 118 billion US Dollar was reached in 2021. The budget deficit in the same year was 14.3 billion USD.
Based on the number of inhabitants, this is a debt of 11,270 USD per person. For comparison, the average debt per person in the same year in the European Union was 35,341 USD.
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Gross debt of the last 21 years in billion USD
This is how much debt Czechia can afford
In accordance with the Maastricht Treaty, government debt in Czechia is aggregated for the federal, state and local governments as well as state institutions, and therefore includes the debt of all public budgets. As it is gross debt, the government's assets are not deducted. According to the EU convergence criteria, each EU country must meet certain requirements. For the debt budget, these two conditions in particular are decisive:- Consolidated gross debt may not exceed 60% of gross domestic product (GDP).
- The budget deficit, i.e. new annual debt, may not exceed 3% of GDP.
At the end of 2021, the debt of all EU countries averaged 92 percent.
Year | Czechia total | % of GDP | per capita | EU per capita |
---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 10.50 bn USD | 16.99% | 1,024 USD | 10,328 USD |
2001 | 15.40 bn USD | 22.71% | 1,507 USD | 10,404 USD |
2002 | 21.23 bn USD | 25.83% | 2,082 USD | 11,368 USD |
2003 | 28.18 bn USD | 28.16% | 2,765 USD | 14,148 USD |
2004 | 33.99 bn USD | 28.37% | 3,333 USD | 16,162 USD |
2005 | 37.99 bn USD | 27.70% | 3,721 USD | 16,918 USD |
2006 | 43.07 bn USD | 27.56% | 4,206 USD | 17,549 USD |
2007 | 51.97 bn USD | 27.33% | 5,046 USD | 19,574 USD |
2008 | 66.59 bn USD | 28.12% | 6,412 USD | 22,721 USD |
2009 | 69.19 bn USD | 33.36% | 6,625 USD | 23,701 USD |
2010 | 77.50 bn USD | 37.07% | 7,399 USD | 25,145 USD |
2011 | 91.19 bn USD | 39.72% | 8,688 USD | 28,417 USD |
2012 | 92.21 bn USD | 44.15% | 8,773 USD | 27,784 USD |
2013 | 94.03 bn USD | 44.42% | 8,943 USD | 30,021 USD |
2014 | 87.63 bn USD | 41.85% | 8,325 USD | 30,832 USD |
2015 | 74.64 bn USD | 39.70% | 7,078 USD | 26,170 USD |
2016 | 71.80 bn USD | 36.58% | 6,795 USD | 26,655 USD |
2017 | 74.85 bn USD | 34.24% | 7,065 USD | 27,535 USD |
2018 | 79.83 bn USD | 32.06% | 7,510 USD | 29,172 USD |
2019 | 75.89 bn USD | 30.05% | 7,111 USD | 27,927 USD |
2020 | 92.60 bn USD | 37.65% | 8,656 USD | 32,227 USD |
2021 | 118.40 bn USD | 42.02% | 11,270 USD | 35,341 USD |
Comparison of gross debt per capita with the European Union in U.S. dollars
Budget deficit in Czechia

The budget balance in Czechia in the period between 1998 and 2022 varied between -14.33 billion euros and +3.29 billion euros. In 2022, Czechia reached a balance of -10.61 billion euros.
In ratio to population, this equals a new indebtedness of 1,010 euros per capita in Czechia in 2022. For comparison, the average debt per capita in the European Union in the same year was 1,254 euros.
Budget deficit and surplus in the last 24 years
Year | Czechia total | % of GDP | per capita | EU per capita |
---|---|---|---|---|
1998 | -3.09 bn USD | -4.62% | -300 USD | -398 USD |
1999 | -2.23 bn USD | -3.43% | -217 USD | -204 USD |
2000 | -2.13 bn USD | -3.45% | -208 USD | 112 USD |
2001 | -3.60 bn USD | -5.31% | -352 USD | -299 USD |
2002 | -5.15 bn USD | -6.26% | -505 USD | -565 USD |
2003 | -6.41 bn USD | -6.40% | -628 USD | -840 USD |
2004 | -3.23 bn USD | -2.70% | -317 USD | -920 USD |
2005 | -4.23 bn USD | -3.09% | -415 USD | -822 USD |
2006 | -3.38 bn USD | -2.16% | -330 USD | -568 USD |
2007 | -1.24 bn USD | -0.65% | -120 USD | -360 USD |
2008 | -4.68 bn USD | -1.98% | -451 USD | -1,085 USD |
2009 | -11.29 bn USD | -5.44% | -1,081 USD | -2,021 USD |
2010 | -8.69 bn USD | -4.16% | -830 USD | -1,970 USD |
2011 | -6.21 bn USD | -2.71% | -592 USD | -1,463 USD |
2012 | -8.14 bn USD | -3.90% | -775 USD | -1,220 USD |
2013 | -2.72 bn USD | -1.28% | -259 USD | -1,027 USD |
2014 | -4.35 bn USD | -2.08% | -413 USD | -851 USD |
2015 | -1.21 bn USD | -0.64% | -115 USD | -574 USD |
2016 | 1.40 bn USD | 0.71% | 132 USD | -421 USD |
2017 | 3.29 bn USD | 1.51% | 311 USD | -263 USD |
2018 | 2.22 bn USD | 0.89% | 209 USD | -134 USD |
2019 | 0.73 bn USD | 0.29% | 68 USD | -191 USD |
2020 | -14.21 bn USD | -5.78% | -1,329 USD | -2,317 USD |
2021 | -14.33 bn USD | -5.09% | -1,364 USD | -1,852 USD |
2022 | -10.61 bn USD | -1,010 USD | -1,254 USD |
(negative numbers = deficit)