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Hurricanes in Canada

Hurricanes occurfrequently in Canada. On average, they happen about 7 times a year. The hardest hit regions are Nova Scotia, Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador.

The hurricane season usually lasts from early June to late November.

The most severe hurricane to make landfall in Canada in the past 12 months was »Fiona«. It reached a wind speed of up to 194 km/h on September 23, 2022 at 6:00 pm local time near Halifax and was 218 kilometers in diameter at the time. According to the internationally accepted Saffir-Simpson classification, this corresponded to a category 3 hurricane. On the open sea, speeds of up to 222 km/h were measured (category 4).

Other natural hazards in Canada:
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10.06.2023 © CIMSS University of Wisconsin-Madison

Most violent hurricanes in Canada since 2018

Fiona: September 14-27, 2022

Wind speed:
max. 222 km/h
on land:
max. 194 km/h
Diameter:
max. 1241 km
Air pressure:
below 931 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 4
Affected regions
Nova Scotia
Newfoundland and Labrador
Quebec

Fiona: September 12-24, 2022

Wind speed:
max. 213 km/h
on land:
max. 185 km/h
Diameter:
max. 556 km
Air pressure:
below 932 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 4
Affected regions
Nova Scotia
Newfoundland and Labrador

Earl: September 2-15, 2022

Wind speed:
max. 176 km/h
on land:
max. 148 km/h
Diameter:
max. 1308 km
Air pressure:
below 948 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 2
Affected regions
Newfoundland and Labrador

Earl: August 27 to September 10, 2022

Wind speed:
max. 167 km/h
Diameter:
max. 444 km
Air pressure:
below 954 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 2
The hurricane did not make direct landfall in Canada. On September 10th, 2022 at 3:30 pm it had the shortest distance at about 357 km southwest of Marystown in Newfoundland and Labrador.

Wanda: October 25 to November 8, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 111 km/h
on land:
max. 83 km/h
Diameter:
max. 741 km
Air pressure:
below 973 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
tropical storm
Affected regions
Nova Scotia

Odette: September 16-26, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 102 km/h
Diameter:
max. 444 km
Air pressure:
below 989 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
tropical storm
The hurricane did not make direct landfall in Canada. On September 20th, 2021 at 3:30 am it had the shortest distance at about 206 km south of Mount Pearl in Newfoundland and Labrador.

Larry: August 31 to September 11, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 204 km/h
on land:
max. 130 km/h
Diameter:
max. 807 km
Air pressure:
below 953 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 3
Affected regions
Nova Scotia
Newfoundland and Labrador

Larry: August 31 to September 11, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 204 km/h
on land:
max. 130 km/h
Diameter:
max. 259 km
Air pressure:
below 953 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 3
Affected regions
Newfoundland and Labrador

Ida: August 26 to September 4, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 241 km/h
on land:
max. 83 km/h
Diameter:
max. 1778 km
Air pressure:
below 929 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 4
Affected regions
Ontario
Nova Scotia
Prince Edward Island
Quebec
New Brunswick

Henri: August 15-24, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 120 km/h
on land:
max. 56 km/h
Diameter:
max. 1111 km
Air pressure:
below 986 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 1
Affected regions
Quebec
Ontario
Nova Scotia

Elsa: June 30 to July 10, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 139 km/h
on land:
max. 83 km/h
Diameter:
max. 667 km
Air pressure:
below 991 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 1
Affected regions
Quebec
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Prince Edward Island

Bill: June 13-16, 2021

Wind speed:
max. 102 km/h
Diameter:
max. 444 km
Air pressure:
below 992 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
tropical storm
The hurricane did not make direct landfall in Canada. On June 15th, 2021 at 9:00 pm it had the shortest distance at about 276 km south of Glace Bay in Nova Scotia.

Zeta: October 24-30, 2020

Wind speed:
max. 185 km/h
on land:
max. 83 km/h
Diameter:
max. 1667 km
Air pressure:
below 970 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 3
Affected regions
Ontario

Epsilon: October 16-26, 2020

Wind speed:
max. 185 km/h
on land:
max. 120 km/h
Diameter:
max. 1085 km
Air pressure:
below 952 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 3
Affected regions
Nova Scotia
Newfoundland and Labrador

Teddy: September 12-24, 2020

Wind speed:
max. 222 km/h
on land:
max. 111 km/h
Diameter:
max. 833 km
Air pressure:
below 945 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 4
Affected regions
Nova Scotia
Newfoundland and Labrador
Quebec

Isaias: July 28 to August 5, 2020

Wind speed:
max. 148 km/h
on land:
max. 93 km/h
Diameter:
max. 1111 km
Air pressure:
below 986 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 1
Affected regions
Ontario
Quebec

Fay: July 5-11, 2020

Wind speed:
max. 93 km/h
on land:
max. 46 km/h
Diameter:
max. 444 km
Air pressure:
below 998 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
tropical storm
Affected regions
Ontario
Quebec

Cristobal: June 1-12, 2020

Wind speed:
max. 93 km/h
on land:
max. 65 km/h
Diameter:
max. 815 km
Air pressure:
below 982 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
tropical storm
Affected regions
Ontario
Quebec

Melissa: October 8-14, 2019

Wind speed:
max. 102 km/h
Diameter:
max. 667 km
Air pressure:
below 994 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
tropical storm
The hurricane did not make direct landfall in Canada. On October 13th, 2019 at 3:00 am it had the shortest distance at about 533 km southwest of Yarmouth in Nova Scotia.

Humberto: September 12-20, 2019

Wind speed:
max. 204 km/h
Diameter:
max. 556 km
Air pressure:
below 950 mbar
Saffir-Simpson scale:
category 3
The hurricane did not make direct landfall in Canada. On September 20th, 2019 at 9:00 am it had the shortest distance at about 405 km southwest of Port Hawkesbury in Nova Scotia.


These evaluations are based on data from the National Centers for Environmental Information of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Individual data have been summarized or translated.
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