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Natural gas and oil in Mongolia

Energy consumption in Mongolia

The most important figure in the energy balance of Mongolia is the total consumption of
7.34 billion kWh
of electric energy per year. Per capita this is an average of 2,191 kWh.

Mongolia can partly be self-sufficient with domestically produced energy. The total production of all electric energy producing facilities is seven bn kWh. That is 89 percent of the country's own usage. The rest of the needed energy is imported from foreign countries. Along with pure consumption, the production, imports and exports play an important role. Other energy sources, such as natural gas or crude oil are also used.

Back to overview: Mongolia

Energy Balance

ElectricitytotalMongolia
per capita
USA
per capita
Own consumption7.34 bn kWh2,191.46 kWh11,744.38 kWh
Production6.53 bn kWh1,950.40 kWh12,198.66 kWh
Import1.72 bn kWh514.67 kWh185.15 kWh
Export24.00 m kWh7.17 kWh42.59 kWh

98.1% of the country's population (as of 2020) has access to electricity. In rural areas, the share was 94.6%
Crude OilBarrel/dayMongolia
per capita
USA
per capita
Own consumption35,800.00 bbl0.011 bbl0.062 bbl
Production16,700.00 bbl0.005 bbl0.054 bbl
Export14,700.00 bbl0.004 bbl0.006 bbl


CO₂ emissions

CO₂ emissions
in 2019
Mongolia
per capita
USA
per capita
total23.07 m t7.14 t14.52 t
› of which diesel + gasoline5.30 bn t1,638.09 t7,179.51 t
› of which coal17.45 bn t5,396.87 t3,246.58 t


Development of CO₂ emissions from 1960 to 2019 in million tons
See also: CO₂ equivalents by country

CO₂ emissions Mongolia


Production capacities per energy source

The given production capacities for electric energy have a theoretical value, which can only be obtained under ideal conditions. They are measuring the generatable amount of energy, that would be reached under permanent and full use of all capacities of all power plants.

In practice this isn't possible, because e.g. solar collectors are less efficient under clouds. Also wind- and water-power plants are not always operating under full load. All these values are only useful in relation to other energy sources or countries.

Energy sourcetotal
in Mongolia
Percentage
in Mongolia
Percentage
USA
per capita
in Mongolia
per capita
USA
Fossil fuels11.56 bn kWh89,2 %59,9 %3,452.07 kWh2.06 kWh
Nuclear power0.00 kWh0,0 %19,5 %0.00 kWh0.67 kWh
Solar energy168.43 m kWh1,3 %3,2 %50.31 kWh0.11 kWh
Wind power1.05 bn kWh8,1 %8,3 %313.47 kWh0.29 kWh
Water power168.43 m kWh1,3 %7,0 %50.31 kWh0.24 kWh
Tidal Power Plants0.00 kWh0,0 %0,0 %0.00 kWh0.00 kWh
Geothermics0.00 kWh0,0 %0,4 %0.00 kWh0.01 kWh
Biomass0.00 kWh0,0 %1,7 %0.00 kWh0.06 kWh

Usage of renewable energies

Renewable energy includes wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy sources. This means all energy sources that renew themselves within a short time or are permanently available. Energy from hydropower is only partly a renewable energy. This is certainly the case with river or tidal power plants. Otherwise, numerous dams or reservoirs also produce mixed forms, e.g. by pumping water into their reservoirs at night and recovering energy from them during the day when there is an increased demand for electricity. Since it is not possible to clearly determine the amount of generated energy, all energy from hydropower is displayed separately.

In 2019, renewable energy accounted for around 3.3 percent of actual total consumption in Mongolia. The following chart shows the percentage share from 1990 to 2019:

Renewable energy Mongolia
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