Energy consumption in Italy

The most important figure in the energy balance of Italy is the total consumption of

286.38 billion kWh

of electric energy per year. Per capita this is an average of 4,845 kWh.

Italy can partly be self-sufficient with domestically produced energy. The total production of all electric energy producing facilities is 272 bn kWh. That is 95 percent of the country's own usage. The rest of the needed energy is imported from foreign countries. Along with pure consumption, the production, imports and exports play an important role. Other energy sources, such as natural gas or crude oil are also used.

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Energy Balance

Electricity	total	Italy per capita	USA per capita
Own consumption	286.38 bn kWh	4,844.81 kWh	11,744.38 kWh
Production	271.88 bn kWh	4,599.54 kWh	12,198.66 kWh
Import	39.79 bn kWh	673.10 kWh	185.15 kWh
Export	7.59 bn kWh	128.35 kWh	42.59 kWh
100.0% of the country's population (as of 2020) has access to electricity.
Crude Oil	Barrel/day	Italy per capita	USA per capita
Own consumption	1.26 m bbl	0.021 bbl	0.062 bbl
Production	107,700.00 bbl	0.002 bbl	0.054 bbl
Import	1.25 m bbl	0.021 bbl	0.023 bbl
Export	10,100.00 bbl	0.000 bbl	0.006 bbl

In 2021 there were still 497.90 m barrels of recoverable but not yet used crude oil reserves in the currently known deposits of Italy. Worldwide, there are still proved oil reserves totaling around 1.7 tn billion barrels. Italy therefore has a share of 0.029% and ranks 48th out of 211 countries with crude oil reserves.

Natural Gas	Cubic meters	Italy per capita	USA per capita
Own consumption	74.31 bn m³	1,257.21 m³	2,583.79 m³
Production	3.89 bn m³	65.78 m³	2,914.02 m³
Import	70.91 bn m³	1,199.60 m³	239.57 m³
Export	314.66 m m³	5.32 m³	567.66 m³

CO₂ emissions

	CO₂ emissions in 2019	Italy per capita	USA per capita
total	317.24 m t	5.31 t	14.52 t
› of which diesel + gasoline	162.47 bn t	2,720.15 t	7,179.51 t
› of which natural gas	142.38 bn t	2,383.68 t	5,073.94 t
› of which coal	27.19 bn t	455.29 t	3,246.58 t

Development of CO₂ emissions from 1960 to 2019 in million tons
See also: CO₂ equivalents by country

Production capacities per energy source

The given production capacities for electric energy have a theoretical value, which can only be obtained under ideal conditions. They are measuring the generatable amount of energy, that would be reached under permanent and full use of all capacities of all power plants.

In practice this isn't possible, because e.g. solar collectors are less efficient under clouds. Also wind- and water-power plants are not always operating under full load. All these values are only useful in relation to other energy sources or countries.

Energy source	total in Italy	Percentage in Italy	Percentage USA	per capita in Italy	per capita USA
Fossil fuels	594.68 bn kWh	55,9 %	59,9 %	10,060.66 kWh	2.06 kWh
Nuclear power	0.00 kWh	0,0 %	19,5 %	0.00 kWh	0.67 kWh
Solar energy	97.87 bn kWh	9,2 %	3,2 %	1,655.78 kWh	0.11 kWh
Wind power	73.40 bn kWh	6,9 %	8,3 %	1,241.83 kWh	0.29 kWh
Water power	186.17 bn kWh	17,5 %	7,0 %	3,149.58 kWh	0.24 kWh
Tidal Power Plants	2.13 bn kWh	0,2 %	0,0 %	36.00 kWh	0.00 kWh
Geothermics	23.40 bn kWh	2,2 %	0,4 %	395.95 kWh	0.01 kWh
Biomass	86.17 bn kWh	8,1 %	1,7 %	1,457.81 kWh	0.06 kWh

Usage of renewable energies

Renewable energy includes wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy sources. This means all energy sources that renew themselves within a short time or are permanently available. Energy from hydropower is only partly a renewable energy. This is certainly the case with river or tidal power plants. Otherwise, numerous dams or reservoirs also produce mixed forms, e.g. by pumping water into their reservoirs at night and recovering energy from them during the day when there is an increased demand for electricity. Since it is not possible to clearly determine the amount of generated energy, all energy from hydropower is displayed separately.

In 2019, renewable energy accounted for around 17.3 percent of actual total consumption in Italy. The following chart shows the percentage share from 1990 to 2019:

Greenhouse gases emissions by countryMethane and CO₂ are the main greenhouse gases. This list names the biggest polluters by country.

Global warming by continentsAvg. temperatures from 1950 to 2023. Increased in Europe and North America - Antarctic colder again.

Debts an budget deficits in GermanyBudget surplus and deficits in the last 24 years in Germany incl. a comparison to the European Union