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France

Semi-presidential republic
Independent since 843

France
Official:
Republic of France
Local name:
France
Region:
Western Europe
Area:
549,087 km²
Capital:
Paris
France on the world map

Geography

France is a country on the Atlantic coast of Western Europe. The land has a total area of 549,087 km² (212,004 mi²) and a total coastline of 3,427 km (2,129.4 mi). This land area is approximately 79% of the area of Texas. In terms of area, France is the third largest country in Europe after Russia and Ukraine and the 49th largest in the world. An exceptionally high proportion of residents (81%) belongs to the urban population.

France is comparatively low at an average elevation of 375 meters above sea level. The highest mountain peak (Mont Blanc) is at 4,810 meters. The country has about 70 islands. There are direct national borders with the eight neighboring countries Andorra, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Monaco, Spain and Switzerland. The distance between New York City and the Capital Paris is about 5,840 km (3,629 mi).

Population

Population:67,750,000
Life expectancy females:
Ø 85.5 years
Birth rate:
10.9 ‰
Death rate:
9.7 ‰
Males/Females:
48.3% : 51.7%

Population pyramid

Population pyramid France 2021
The currency in France is the euro (EUR).
1 Euro is divided into 100 Cent.
Status: 06/05/2023
1 US dollar = 0.94 Euros
1 Euro = 1.07 US dollar

The climate in France

Due to the size of the country and its extension from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean, France has a wide variety of climate zones. In the northwest, there is a temperate maritime climate with mild winters and only moderately warm summers. In the east, far from the Atlantic coast, there is a continental climate with sometimes quite severe winters. Winters are warmest on the Mediterranean coast. Summers are consistently hot with only low precipitation.

Average daytime and nighttime temperatures
Average daytime and nighttime temperatures in France
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Languages

Official language:
French

Mother tongueDistribution
French93.6 %
Arabic2.5 %
Portuguese1.2 %
Italian0.4 %
Spanish0.4 %
Turkish0.4 %
other1.5 %

Religions

ReligionDistribution
Buddhists0.6%
Roman Catholics58.0%
other Christs6.0%
Muslims8.0%
Jews0.7%
nondenominational24.0%
other2.7%

more...

Economy

GDP:2,957.88 bn $
Exportations:921.61 bn $
Importations:957.53 bn $
Budget deficit:131.49 bn $
Tourism receipts:35.96 bn $
Debt rate:112.58 %
Unemployment rate:7.5 %
Inflation rate:5.22 %
Corruption index:72 (good)
Energy consumption:472.7 bn kWh

With a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.903, France counts as one of the high developed economies by UN definition. The IMF also shares this classification.

Considering the purchasing power parity, France is among the 30 richest countries in the world and, with an average annual income of 44,160 USD is one of the high-income countries.



Land use

16% Urban areas:86,463 km²
52% Agricultural areas:288,051 km²
32% Forest:173,017 km²
0% Water areas:1,530 km²
0% Others:1,556 km²

more...

Transport

Roadways:1,053,215 km
Railways:29,640 km
Commercial harbors:548
Airports:50

Most important cities

CityRegionPopulation
Paris / CapitalÎle-de-France2,206,000
MarseilleCôte d'Azur862,000
LyonRhone-Alpes513,000
ToulouseMidi-Pyrénées472,000
NiceCôte d'Azur343,000
NantesPays de la Loire303,000
MontpellierLanguedoc-Roussillon278,000
StrasbourgAlsace277,000
BordeauxAquitaine250,000
LillePas-de-Calais233,000
RennesBrittany215,000
ReimsChampagne184,000
Cergy-PontoiseÎle-de-France183,000
Le HavreHaute-Normandie172,000
Saint-ÉtienneRhone-Alpes171,000
ToulonCôte d'Azur167,000
DijonBourgogne155,000
Clermont-FerrandAuvergne141,000
LimogesLimousin134,000
AmiensPicardie133,000
MetzLorraine117,000
BesançonFranche-Comté117,000
OrléansCentre115,000
RouenHaute-Normandie110,000
CaenBasse-Normandy106,000
NanterreÎle-de-France87,000
PoitiersPoitou-Charentes86,000
AjaccioCorsica54,000
Châlons-en-ChampagneChampagne51,000




Political indicators

(Based on the "Worldwide Governance Indicators" project of the World Bank)

Political stability:
Rule of law:
Effectivity:
Regulatory quality:
Voice accountability:
Death penalty:abolished in 1981





Existing trade agreements



Alliances



Dependent territories

French Guiana (South America)
French Polynesia (Polynesia)
French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Antarctica)
Guadeloupe (Caribbean)
Martinique (Caribbean)
Mayotte (Eastern Africa)
New Caledonia (Melanesia)
Reunion (Eastern Africa)
Saint Barthelemy (Caribbean)
Saint Martin (Caribbean)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (North America)
Wallis and Futuna (Polynesia)
Comparison: France / United KingdomCountry comparison: France / United KingdomThe United Kingdom and France compared: demography, Economy, energy, languages and further dimensions.
Luxembourg: OverviewLuxembourg: country data and statisticsLuxembourg in numbers: demographics, economy, energy, climate and more data and comparisons with other countries.
Austria: ClimateClimate and temperature development in AustriaA climate analysis for Austria incl. temperatures, humidity, rain days per month, hours of sunshine, water temperature, rainfalls
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