Transport and infrastructure in Mongolia

Our listing of the primary types of transport compares the infrastructure of Mongolia with the average of all countries in Asia. The main traffic and transport routes are in good condition, but do not reach the level of the leading industrial nations.

In terms of the length of its rail network, Mongolia ranks 33rd in the world with 0.54 meters per inhabitant. In total, the rail network is 1,815 kilometers long. Freight traffic on the rails most recently totaled 18.35 billion tons and kilometers traveled. Passenger traffic reached 91.00 million passenger-kilometers in 2021.

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Back to overview: Mongolia

Road traffic

The network of roads and highways has a total length of 113,200 km. For each of the country's 3.35 million inhabitants, this corresponds to 33.81 meters. This puts Mongolia in 15th place in the global ranking. However, it is also important to note that the country's population density is very low at around 2 inhabitants per km². In this case, disproportionately long distances generally have to be covered to reach the more remote parts of the country.

With an average of 634 traffic fatalities per year (2013 - 2019), road traffic in Mongolia is considered rather mixed. This corresponds to 20.4 accident fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants per year. By comparison, this figure is 12.3 in the USA and 17.0 worldwide.

In Mongolia, traffic drives on the right-hand side of the road, i.e. people drive in the right-hand lane and overtake on the left. Oncoming traffic comes toward you on the left side. Here you can also find an overview of all countries with left-hand traffic.

	total	per 1 mio inhabitants	per km²
	Mongolia
Roadways	113,200 km	33,813.43 km	72.37 m
Railroads	1,800 km	542.15 km	1.16 m
Waterways	580 km	173.25 km	0.37 m
Commercial harbors	302	90.21	0.000
Airports	11	3.29	0.007

	total	per 1 mio inhabitants	per km²
	Asia
Roadways	16,613,000 km	3,524.24 km	519.50 m
Railroads	280,000 km	59.41 km	8.76 m
Waterways	260,300 km	55.21 km	8.14 m
Commercial harbors	45,998	9.76	0.001
Airports	1,012	0.21	0.000

Data sources used

• Global Health Observatory Data Repository (World Health Organization)
• UNCTAD
• Internation Union of Railways (UIC)
• CIA Factbook
• OECD Statistics
• Wikipedia (german)

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